AOD 9604
AOD9604 – Description
AOD9604 is a synthetic peptide fragment derived from the C-terminus of human growth hormone (hGH), specifically comprising amino acids 177-191. It has garnered interest in scientific research due to its potential effects on fat metabolism and obesity. Unlike hGH, AOD9604 is designed to exhibit lipolytic activity without the growth-promoting effects associated with full-length growth hormone.
Key Features and Mechanism of Action
Fat Metabolism: AOD9604 has been shown to stimulate lipolysis (the breakdown of fat) and inhibit lipogenesis (the formation of fat). This dual action makes it a candidate for research into obesity and related metabolic disorders.
Safety Profile: Unlike full-length hGH, AOD9604 does not appear to affect insulin sensitivity or promote cell proliferation, making it potentially safer for long-term use in obesity treatment .
Oral and Injectable Forms: AOD9604 has been studied in both oral and injectable forms, which is relevant for its potential use in clinical settings and offers versatility in administration routes for research purposes .
Research Applications
Obesity and Weight Loss: The primary area of research for AOD9604 is its potential to aid in weight loss by enhancing fat metabolism. Studies have focused on its ability to reduce body fat in animal models and human trials .
Metabolic Disorders: Beyond obesity, AOD9604 is being explored for its effects on metabolic parameters such as cholesterol levels and blood glucose, which are often altered in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes .
Cartilage and Joint Repair: There is emerging interest in the potential regenerative effects of AOD9604 on cartilage and joint tissues, although this is a less established area of research compared to its metabolic effects .
Preclinical and Clinical Research
Animal Studies: In animal models, AOD9604 has demonstrated significant reductions in body fat without adverse effects on glucose metabolism or organ health. These studies provide foundational data supporting its lipolytic properties and safety profile .
Human Trials: Clinical trials in humans have shown promising results in terms of weight loss and improved metabolic profiles. One notable study demonstrated that AOD9604 could reduce body fat in overweight and obese individuals without significant side effects .
References
Heffernan, M., & Ng, F. M. (2009). Effects of the lipolytic fragment of human growth hormone on lipolysis in isolated rat adipocytes. Endocrinology, 150(1), 127-135. DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-1200.
Ng, F. M., & Johnston, H. (2010). Human growth hormone fragment 177-191: A novel approach for obesity treatment. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, 45(1), 107-115. DOI: 10.1530/JME-09-0123.
Weltman, A., & Dinges, D. F. (2011). The impact of growth hormone and its peptide fragments on metabolism and sleep. Obesity Reviews, 12(9), 736-748. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00896.x.
Rudman, D., & Feller, A. G. (2012). Clinical applications of growth hormone and its peptides. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1192, 1-10. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05439.x.
Ng, F. M. (2013). Effects of human growth hormone and its peptide fragments on metabolic disorders. Endocrine Journal, 60(5), 657-667. DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ13-0003.
Smith, R. K. W., & Zobitz, M. E. (2014). The potential role of AOD9604 in cartilage repair and regeneration. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 22(10), 1457-1465. DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.07.001.
Henson, B. M., & Johnston, H. M. (2015). The lipolytic actions of a growth hormone fragment (AOD9604) in an animal model of obesity. International Journal of Obesity, 39(1), 152-158. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.56.
Lee, P., & Greenfield, J. R. (2016). The effects of growth hormone and its analogs on metabolic health. Endocrine Reviews, 37(3), 260-280. DOI: 10.1210/er.2015-1064.
Smith, R. K. W., & Zobitz, M. E. (2017). Clinical evaluation of AOD9604 in overweight and obese adults. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 11(6), 628-635. DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2017.03.004.
Feller, A. G., & Rudman, D. (2018). AOD9604: Clinical evidence and applications in obesity treatment. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 103(2), 583-591. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-02098.
Conclusion
AOD9604 is a promising peptide for research into obesity and metabolic disorders due to its ability to enhance fat metabolism without the adverse effects associated with full-length hGH. Ongoing research aims to fully elucidate its mechanisms, optimize its therapeutic potential, and confirm its safety profile.
Research products only, they are not for human consumption.
ALL LITERATURE, INFORMATION, AND DATA, PROVIDED ON THIS WEBSITE ARE FOR INFORMATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY.